The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie Analysis Term Paper

The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie Analysis - Term Paper Example This explains her divided personality (Spark 6). Miss Brodie had a group of 10 year old girls who she considered her group. They would learn things that were not necessarily in the curriculum but were worthy knowing. She chose her group members on the ground that she could put her trust in them, those whose parents could not raise complaints on what their daughters were being taught which was more irrelevant or those whose parents constituted the elite group who had too much knowledge and exposure to complain about Miss Brodie’s teaching methods and policies (Alberto and Ann 6).she also chose girls whose parents were unenlightened to be able to question her teaching policies and who believed in the high rated reputation of this school. Miss Brodie’s untrustworthiness comes out here when she gains trust from the parents and the students and later exposes them to her a lot of details of her intimate life. Miss Brodie is also negligent in that she goes out of her way to teach something like the interior decoration of the author of Winnie The Pooh, skin cleansing substances or about the love life of Charlotte Bronte which is out of the out of the curriculum she was entrusted with. Miss Brodie in one of her grammar lesson decides to tell her students about the accident of her lover. She narrates the story critically and the emotional ten year olds break into tears. When the headmistress Miss Mackay, pays the class n impromptu visit Miss Brodie manages to selfishly lure the students to say that they are crying about a moving history story from the WW1.This was a selfish lie (Spark 8). Miss Jean Brodie was narcissistic and that barred her form genuinely caring about her students and that explains her behavioral contradictory. She burns with a desire to be admired and adored by everyone; more so by the Brodie set (Spark 11) she fails in caring about her students in a healthy way but instead

Story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Story - Essay Example In many occasions, the issue of plagiarism is not raised in the legal field, normally because repeatedly there is no room for inventiveness when drafting legal documents. This specific case began with a sad case that involved a family and their child. The family filed a case against British Columbia Women Hospital and Health Care Center and they won an enormous judgment. However, when the health care center went through the ruling of Judge Joel Groves, they found out that he had picked a large portion of his judgment from the complainant’s filings. The hospital went forward to file an appeal, stating that the plagiarism found in his ruling was a sign that the judge did not handle the case correctly and that he was prejudiced against the hospital. The case went to the Canadian Supreme Court and a ruling was made in 2013 (News, 2013). News, C. (2013, May 24). CBC News-British Columbia. Top court reinstates $4M award in plagiarizing-judge suit, 1. Retrieved from

Climate Change in the Holocene period

Climate Change in the Holocene period Wai Kai Choi Executive Summary This assignment is about is the climate change in Holocene period the most important cause of the development of agriculture and I will discuss others area as well like people and plants. The three areas I have chosen to discuss is East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa and America. Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinals  and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated  species created food surpluses  that nurtured the development of civilization. Contents (Jump to) Agriculture Species Climate Change East Asia Sub-Saharan Africa America Conclusion Bibliography Agriculture For a large food production through leaving of hunting and gathering because the animal is killed, which cannot reproduce and for agriculture it will continue to produce by nature. People have been forced to agriculture because they think it is more labour intensive than hunting and gathering, and they had no alternative. It has been developed because of people desire by wanting special status foods, which is what the social need and want to generate our lives by competition with other that normal will produce power by having desire for new statuses and new things. Figure 1: The origins and spread of agriculture (Scarre, D. 2013, p189) The demographic theory suggested that people need to adopt agriculture follow by the end of the ice age and the rise in world population. Agriculture did not start during the Pleistocene because the cold, glacial climate was not favourable to it. Agriculture was impossible in the Pleistocene ice age because the climate was extremely cold and dry, containing higher levels of carbon dioxide, and varied greatly sometimes in periods of a decade or less. (Scarre, D. 2013, p186) Species Figure 2: Summary of the numbers of megafaunal genera (Perspectives in (human) ecology, 2007) The Holocene death includes the disappearance of megafauna, which is the end of the Ice Age that, starting between 9,000 and 13,000 years ago. This may have been due to the loss of the mammoth  that had maintained grasslands  that became birch forests without the mammoths. The new forest and the resulting forest fires may have induced climate change. Such disappearances might be the result of the proliferation  of modern humans  which led to climate change. Climate Change The world is getting warmer by the temperatures has risen upon an average 2 to 5 oC and the Arctic sea ice is getting less, which will cause a rise in sea level. Holocene Climatic Optimum is describing the earlier southern warm period, which is between 8,000 to 10,500 years ago that was immediately following the end of the last ice age. (Scarre, D. 2013, p177) Figure 3: Temperature changes (Brahea Axel,2013) The key reason on agriculture developed is the relationship between human and the environment which is suggested by Oasis theory. The climate became warmer, causing vegetation to increase and shift from one type to another. People adapted to this by changing the foods they ate and altering their lifestyle. Many people began to domesticate plants and animals at this time, both as a direct and indirect response to climate change, thus the origin of agriculture. (Scarre, D. 2013, p186) End of Ice Age the climate changes, which the human response is established to save Antarctica by every land of the globe for agriculture that the human societies increasingly prolific and new forms of social and economic activity developed. East Asia In 8,000 years ago, Northern China has been the domestication centre for foxtail millet and broomcorn millet, these are the species that they have produced and in 7,500 years ago these species is widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin. Later on in Southern China rice was domesticated and in Northern China 5,000 years ago, they domesticated soybean, then around 2,500 BC orange and peach has originated in China. The climate change has an impact in China, which created higher rainfall and warm temperate forest belts. (Wikipedia, 2014) The vegetation experienced different changes over the Holocene in various sub-regions. Near the boundary between modern forest and temperate steppe in Northeast China, forest showed clear expansion in the middle Holocene. In central China near the boundary between forest and desert, vegetation showed various patterns at different sites. Further west of the Tibetan Plateau near the boundary between highland meadow and desert, forest expanded at most sites during the early and middle Holocene. Our synthesis indicates that the climate in the marginal region was slightly moist in the early Holocene, wettest in the middle Holocene, and dry in the late Holocene, though there are regional differences as reflected by vegetation change. This general pattern is very different from either monsoon- or westerly-dominated regions. The maximum moisture occurred during the early Holocene in the monsoon region, while the arid central Asia dominated by the westerlies was dry in the early Holocene and wettest in the mid-Holocene. The interplay of the Asian summer monsoon, westerlies, topography and regional vegetation factors might have contributed to this spatial complexity. It is hard for people to stop hunting and gathering to change it to agriculture because there are forms of wild and animal to be domesticated. This intensive gather together of a very limited number of species just by hunting and gathering. â€Å"This transition from gazelle hunting to sheep and goat herding, where it seems that gazelle never were brought into the domesticated category and that when domesticated animals come into use it’s actually replaced by sheep and goat.† (Watkins, T, 2014). Sub-Saharan Africa There are three areas, which are independently developing agriculture is Ethiopian highlands, Sahei and West Africa. In Ethiopian highlands the most famous domesticated is coffee out of all the other domesticated that are khat, ensete, noog, teff and finger millet. For Sahel domesticated are sorghum and pearl millet. The first domesticated in West Africa is kola nut, which has become an ingredient in Coca Cola and the other domesticated is oil palm, African rice and yams. (Wikipedia, 2014) In Africa agriculture have been they cultivated for millennia came after their domestication elsewhere. The re-domesticated in Africa 5,000 years ago in a place called Papua New Guinea they have domesticated taro and Asian yams. African Humid Period is a wetter period of time due to a strengthening of the African monsoon by changes in summer radiation, which is between 16,000 and 6,000 years ago. In Green Sahara during this period, it has produced numerous of lakes by the rainfall of nature that have contain the wild animal of crocodiles and hippopotamus fauna, this is caused by climate change, it has an effect on the species of agriculture and animal. South Africas southern coastal margin is recognised as being a highly dynamic climatic region that plays a critical role in both regional and global atmospheric and oceanic circulation dynamics. Our understanding of the past dynamics of this system, however, has been limited by the number and nature of datasets available that can be used to infer changes in key climatic parameters in the region. Combined, a negative relationship is apparent between temperature and humidity in this area of the southern Cape, and these changes can for the first time be clearly linked to variations in Antarctic sea-ice extent and shifts in the southern westerly storm track. This dynamic is a reduction in sea-ice extent and a southward shift of the westerlies are manifested regionally by increased temperatures and a phase of marked aridity. America In early 8,000 to 6,000 BC in Mesoamerica has domesticated is corn, beans and squash, but the beans came later on in 4,000 BC, also South America has domesticated potatoes and manioc. Around 2,500 BC they have grown sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot in America. People in this regional most of them relied on hunting and gathering for millennia, which farming life have not been developed until the second millennium BC. (Wikipedia, 2014) The first peak of the warmth in North Amercia from 11,000 to 9,000 years ago when the Laurentide ice sheet is still chilled, then 4,000 years later it has experienced warming, which the temperature suddenly rises and the ice sheet slowly melt. Three other factors must be added to this is complex solar cycles, Earths orbital variations, it also called Milankovitch cycles, which occur over intervals of tens to hundreds of thousands of years, and different rates of change and climatic conditions depending on location. The retreat of the continental glaciers of the Wisconsinan stage began in central North America around 10,000 years ago, but it did not occur in northern Canada and Alaska until nearly 6000 years ago. The retreat has yet to occur in Greenland. Sea level rise from the melting of the glaciers affected coastal areas globally, so much so that in the late 1800s, some scientists believed that this sea level rise should be the defining characteristic of the Holocene. Conclusion For this report question I agree with it that I think the development of agriculture is the beginning Holocene period the climate change, which has an affect the globe by the temperature have been rise that have caused the ice sheet slowly melt, which will cause the sea level rise and it has produced warmer and wetter weather. This is a great time for develops agriculture because to grow food from the ground, it need water, which is the rain and sun, which make the earth warmer. It is the most important cause of agriculture to production more different types of food and the large species is disappearing by the climate change, this mean animal is dying by an animal not produce enough to keep a life in this period and condition of the environment is not suitable for them. Bibliography Axel, B., 2013. Mini Ice Age?. [Online] Available at: http://www.palmtalk.org/forum/index.php?/topic/39737-mini-ice-age/page-7 [Accessed 04 12 2014]. human-macroecology blogspot, 2007. Perspectives In (Human) Ecology. [Online] Available at: http://human-macroecology.blogspot.co.uk/2007/10/background-how-humans-alter.html [Accessed 01 12 2014]. Perkins, P., Scarre, C. Watkins, T., 2014. Track 2. [Sound Recording] (The Open Univeristy). Scarre, C., 2013. Chapter 5 The world transformed: from foragers and farmers to states and empires. In: C. Scarre, ed. The human past. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, pp. 177-199. Watkins, T., 2014. Track 2. [Sound Recording] (The Open University). Wikipedia, 2014. Neolithic Revolution. [Online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution [Accessed 01 12 2014]. Scarre, C., 2013. Chapter 5 The world transformed: from foragers and farmers to states and empires. In: C. Scarre, ed. The human past. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, pp.189. Scarre, C., 2013. Chapter 5 The world transformed: from foragers and farmers to states and empires. In: C. Scarre, ed. The human past. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, pp. 177. Scarre, C., 2013. Chapter 5 The world transformed: from foragers and farmers to states and empires. In: C. Scarre, ed. The human past. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd, pp. 186.

Violin Essay examples -- Literature Music Composers Essays

Violin Music and art, the feelings that go through a person while the music of Mozart and Beethoven are playing, are indescribable. Listening to music can take a person away to a different era. Music like Mozart or Beethoven can really take a person's imagination soaring in a whole new perspective. Composers throughout the novel, Violin were Beethoven, Mozart, and Tchaikovsky. Violin was a truly fabulous name for this story. It contains many fantastic elements as well as realistic elements; however, it should not be confused with magical realism. Violin copy written in 1997 by Anne Rice. She has written several novels that were imaginary and fantastic. The novels that Anne Rice has written have that kind of effect on a person while reading her novels. During the story, the unreal elements of the story started with the fact that she kept her husband with her after he had been passed away for several days. The unreal elements of this situation is that anybody in her right mind wouldn't keep a dead body in the house with her and not tell anybody that he was dead. In a matter of time, the body would start to smell and start to rot. One of the unreal elements that are in the story was the man standing outside playing the violin. The man would stand in the light of the lamppost in the alley and play the violin. Watching the man playing the violin through the window made the main character think that she was dreaming. Listening to the music during the course of this type of emotional state that she was in made her stay calm and find herself in a type of dreamland. The music would take her somewhere else besides reality. Music can take a person elsewhere, in the future, in the past, and in la la land. Even though music can b... ...gical realism is in the fact that the woman didn't want to give up her husband and face reality. She kept him as long as she could to her self until she had to give him up. Grief happens this way in the real world. The family members do not want to give up the family member who has passed away. The magic was in the story; fantastic was also here in the story. Also, the music by Mozart and Beethoven can really take a person's imagination soaring in a whole new perspective. The Violin has suspense and excitement' the anticipation of the happenings during the story was uneventful. Works Cited Rice, Anne, Violin. N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997. Robkin, Eric S. The Fantastic in Literature. Princeton, N.J. : Princeton UP, 1978. Todorov, Tzvetan. The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Form. Cleveland: The Press of Case Western Reserve University, 1973.

Managing Financial Principles and Techniques

Managing Financial Principles and Techniques Assignment 2 Part 1: Financial Appraisal techniques Part 2: Forecasting Part 1-Financial Appraisal Techniques Task 1. NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) Year PROJECT X ? 000Project Y ? 000Discount FactorXY 0-200-200-200-200 1352180. 90931. 815198. 162 280100. 82666. 088. 26 390100. 75167. 597. 51 47540. 68351. 2252. 732 52030. 62112. 421. 863 229219 1)NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) X= 229-200=29 Y=219-200=19 PAYBACK PERIOD: Cumulative Cash Flow Year PROJECT X ? 000Project Y ? 000XY -200-200-200-200 135218-165-18 28010-8528 39010538 47548042 520310045 10045 TASK 2: Net Present value The present value of an investments future net cash flows minus the initial investment. If positive, the investment should be considered (unless an even better investment exists), otherwise it should not. It is a calculation based on the idea that ? 1 received in ten years time is not worth as much as ? 1 received now because the ? 1 received now could be invested for those ten y ears and compound into a higher value. The NPV calculation establishes what the value of future earnings is in todays money. To do the calculation you apply a discount % rate to the future earnings. NPV is said to be short for net present value, it is the present value of net cash flows. It is commonly used for appraisals on projects. The advantage of using NPV is that it tells you if a project will add or deduct value from the business and hence decisions are taken of whether to accept it or reject it. Advantages: It will also give accurate position for commonly special projects. -It gives an absolute value. -NPV allow for the time value for the cash flows considers both magnitude and timing of cash flows †¢Consistent with shareholder wealth maximization: Added net present values generated by investments are represented in higher stock prices. †¢Indicates whether a proposed project will yield the investor’s required rate of return Disadvantages: †¢It is very difficult to identify the correct discoun t rate. Many people find it difficult to work with a dollar return rather than a percentage return because it is hard to directly compare projects unlike say a percentage return as calculated using IRR †¢It needs to be interpreted carefully because the overall NPV reflects the scale of the project as well as the rate of return. IRR Like the NPV method used for capital budgeting, the IRR method also uses cash flows and recognizes the time value of money. NPV and IRR may give conflicting decisions where projects differ in their scale of investment. Advantages IRR allows you to compare projects easily because it is a percentage †¢Also it can direct attention to situations where it might be better to do multiple versions of the same project with a high IRR †¢In calculating IRR it can give an indication of how sensitive the Net Present Value is to changes in discount rate †¢Considers both the magnitude and the timing of cash flows Disadvantage †¢Multiple internal rates of return with unconventional cash flows †¢Any change in sign (+,-) in period cash flows produces as many IRR’s as there are changes in the cash flow directions of the investment, lending or borrowing. Assumes cash flow is reinvested at the IRR rate and this may not be a realistic assumption NPV and IRR compared NPV assumes that project cash flows are reinvested at the company's required rate of return; the IRR assumes that they are reinvested at the IRR. Since IRR is higher than the required rate of return, in order for the IRR to be accurate, the company would have to keep finding projects that would reinvest the cash flow at this higher rate. It would be difficult for a company to keep this up forever, thus NPV is more accurate. NPV method assumes that CFs are reinvested at the cost of capital K IRR method assumes that CFs are reinvested at IRR Can lead to conflicts in ranking of mutually exclusive projects Crossover NPV is superior to IRR when choosing among mutually exclusive investments Payback †¢Ignores the time value of money. This weakness is eliminated with the discounted payback method. Advantages †¢It is very simple †¢Helps prevent cash flow problems †¢Useful where technology changes rapidly or there are other sources of risk as it asks the question how quickly do we get the money back? Measure of risk and liquidity †¢Useful for evaluating small projects Disadvantages †¢Ignores the time value of money †¢Ignores cash flows after the payback period †¢Objective not consistent with shareholder wealth maximization rather it focuses on risk minimization ARR Advantages †¢It clearly shows profitability of a project †¢It allows easy comparison between project s †¢The opportunity cost of investment can be taken into account †¢It can be easily compared to the target return on long term capital employed which is calculated in the same way Disadvantages †¢More complex than pay back It does not take into account the effects of inflation on the value of money over a time period. ARR Advantages †¢It clearly shows profitability of a project †¢It allows easy comparison between projects †¢The opportunity cost of investment can be taken into account Disadvantages †¢More complex than pay back †¢It does not take into account the effects of inflation on the value of money over a time period. TASK 3 PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS: Cash In Flows TOIN8% Inflation AdjustmentInflation Adjustment Value T1250001. 0827000 T2250001. 1729250 T3250001. 2631500 T340001. 265040 Cash Out Flow OUT10% Inflation AdjustmentInflation Adjustment Value T01000010000 T11000018000 T1180001. 1020900 T2190001. 2122990 Net Inflation adjusted cash flows NPV INOUTNet Cash FlowNet Present Discount FactorDiscounted Cash Flow T0-1000010000110000 T12700010000170000. 8514450 T1-18000180000. 8515300 T2292502090083500. 726012 T3315002299085100. 615191. 1 T35040-50400. 613074. 4 PART 2-FORECASTING DIXON COMPANY Solution: NOVEMBERDECEMBERJANUARYFEBRUARYMARCHAPRILMAYJUNE Sales/Budgeted Sales Units (Given)10001200140016001800200022002600 Sales budgeted/ sales ? working note 1)50,00060,00070,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Budgeted Production (Given)12001400160020002400260024002200 Cost Budgeted Manufacturing Cost ? Material (working note 2)31,20036,40041,60052,00062,40067,60062,40057,200 Labour(working note 3)9,60011,20012,80016,00019,20020,80019,20017,600 Variable overheads (working note 4)2,4002,8003,2004,0004,8005,2004,8004,400 Fixed Overheads (Given)5,5005,5005,5005,5005,500 5,5005,5005,500 Total Production Cost (working note 5)48,70055,90063,10077,50091,90099,10091,90084,700 working note 1 Sales budgeted/ sales ? = Sales/Budgeted Sales Units x 50 working note 2 Material = Budgeted Production x 26 working note 3 Labour = Budgeted Production x 8 working note 4 Variable overheads = Budgeted Production x 2 working note 5 Total Production Cost = Material + Labour + Variable Overheads+ Fixed Overheads Work Out Cash Flow Forecast NovemeberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJune Opening Balance35,500 Sales70,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Less: Material-41,600-52,000-62,400-67,600-62,400-57,200 Labour-12,800-16,000-19,200-20,800-19,200-17,600 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Fixed Overheads-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500 Machinery120034000 Closing Balance Task 2 Solution: NOVEMBERDECEMBERJANUARYFEBRUARYMARCHAPRILMAYJUNE Sales/Budgeted Sales Units (Given)10001200140016001800200022002600 Sales budgeted/ sales ? (working note 1)75,00090,000105,000120,000135,000150,000165,000195,000 Budgeted Production (Given)12001400160020002400260024002200 Cost Budgeted Manufacturing Cost ? Material (working note 2)31,20036,40041,60052,00062,40067,60062,40057,200 Labour(working note 3)9,60011,20012,80016,00019,20020,80019,20017,600 Variable overheads (working note 4)2,4002,8003,2004,0004,8005,2004,8004,400 Fixed Overheads (Given)5,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,500 Total Production Cost (working note 5)48,70055,90063,10077,50091,90099,10091,90084,700 working note 1 Sales budgeted/ sales ? = Sales/Budgeted Sales Units x 75 working note 2 Material = Budgeted Production x 26 working note 3 Labour = Budgeted Production x 8 working note 4 Variable overheads = Budgeted Production x 2 working note 5 Total Production Cost = Material + Labour + Variable Overheads+ Fixed Overheads Work Out Cash Flow Forecast NovemeberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJune Opening Balance35,500 Sales70,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Less: Material-41,600-52,000-62,400-67,600-62,400-57,200 Labour-12,800-16,000-19,200-20,800-19,200-17,600 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Fixed Overheads-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500 Machinery120034000 Closing Balance

Founder/Ceo

Wangoh Dynamics Technologies Network and Telecommunication Services and Solutions Memo To: The Government of Sierra Leone (West Africa) From: Saa E. Fillie-Founder/CEO and Network Engineer Date: March 20. 2013 Ref: The Cost Benefit of Virtualization Technology Many enterprising companies are looking for ways to better IT departments, improve business models and create lower operating costs. Until a few years ago, it seemed as if an all-encompassing solution to those problems has been taken care of by virtualization that is now a reliable, efficient and customizable solution to those business requests and more.Whether used to provide better customer service, to be more eco-friendly or to gain more company memory, the virtualization technology of today offer many benefits to enterprising companies all over the world, creating innovative solutions to work based problems on a daily basis. Virtualization has not only captured the business world by storm with its innovative and creative so lutions but it also offers proven advantages in several areas of industry, IT and service. Below is a list of a few of the advantages and solutions that virtualization technology can offer the enterprise around the globe.Virtual Desktops Many corporations and enterprises are looking to reduce their footprint and create more efficient operating systems. This can be done with one aspect of virtualization, virtual desktops. Virtual desktops have the ability to create more space within a desktop computer or on actual desk space through the use of software which expands a desktops environment beyond physical limits through virtualization. This can create a more eco-friendly environment with less computers using energy and lower operating costs as well as offering continuous transitions between multiple operating system.Enhanced System Security A fear of many enterprises considering virtualization in their business is that all the advantages of this technology will compromise the security of sensitive, private and legal company information. However, that is not the case; in fact virtualization in business provides enhanced security, making it more difficult for hackers to find key information. Unlike other security systems, virtualization has the ability to single out and trace requests.If a request seems fishy or unsuitable, virtualization security technologies will reroute hackers to another location, securing and keeping enterprising business information safe from harm. Better System Reliability Non-virtualized networks and systems are more prone to crashes and memory corruption due to software installments such as device drivers. Through virtualization, I/O resources can be isolated providing better security (see above,) reliability and even availability across devices for business purposes. Disaster RecoveryAlong the same lines as better system reliability, virtualization also provides enterprising businesses with better, faster and more secure disaster recover y. This is possible because this technology is able to take a virtual image or information and transfer it to another server in the instance that the original server may be crashing. This prevents information loss and provides a constant stream of secure and safe information. Space and Server Consolidation When an organization has a physical database, it can take up to ten machines to provide the same amount of workload to one virtual machine.This means that up to ten applications can be ran on a solitary virtual machine, consolidating physical space as well as server use, therefore saving energy usage, operating costs and server expenses. Scalability One advantage of virtualization technology is its unique ability to be scalable. What this means is that unlike purchasing X amount of computer memory or RAM for a company, the possibilities with virtualization are endless. The workload and space needed one month may change in the next and virtualization accommodates those changes by f luxuating to fit the needs of an enterprise at the time of use.This also saves on energy consumption and operating costs because virtualization service providers oft will only charge for what was used. Endless Memory and Accessibilities One aspect of scalability is virtualization’s advantage of seemingly endless memory. Enterprising businesses can take advantage of limitless memory to house business information, client details, invoices and financial records all in an accessible, crash protected and secure place. Virtualization is accessible anywhere there is an internet connection, allow for access to important company information anywhere in the world.This is great for traveling business owners, work from home employees or access away from work. This also allows companies to offer better customer service to clients because of the ease of access as well as the quick pull up of saved information stored in a limitless memory location. Many enterprising companies are looking fo r ways to better IT departments, improve business models and create lower operating costs, all of which can be accomplished with the modern marvel technology that is virtualization.Whether used to provide better customer service, to be more eco-friendly or to gain more company memory, the virtualization technology of today offer many benefits to enterprising companies all over the world, creating innovative solutions to work based problems on a daily basis. Return on Investment School of thoughts have argued in various platform about the huge capital investment return in virtualization, there are multiple factors which determine how to go about deciding what type of monitoring an Information Technology (IT) department should embark on.In order to properly evaluate a specific IT environment, one must first determine whether or not to virtualize. Virtualization can be stressed as a life saver for countless IT departments over the past few years. What first needs to be determined howev er, is if in fact an organization really needs to virtualize. Perhaps database, application servers, network services, etc don’t truly need to become virtualized, maybe they do. What we are trying to determine today is the Return on Investment (ROI) for virtualization.Technologist, Researchers and Students helps quantify virtualizing an IT infrastructure. If an organization is in the process of acquiring a new company (or being liquidated) and subsequently moving locations, they must first take a look in their server room*. If it is overcrowded, under powered or outdated, then yes†¦ virtualization is probably important. What everyone in the IT department wants to know then, is virtualization right for my organization and more importantly my department? [pic]The resources being saved on just power and hardware along are staggering. Keeping costs lower for the overall organization is obviously crucial, especially when it comes to things such as never having to redeploy app lication solutions*. This will save you time and subsequently money: no server hardware refreshing costs, limited annual server-related power costs*. The greater questions then arise, how much time will it take a department to make the complete switch? Will the ROI be worth the increased labor hours to become fluent with the virtualized world?What types of challenges will come about from the overall business perspective? |Reducing Infrastructure Costs Through Virtualization | | |   | | |Introduction | | |Nowadays, we live in uncertain times all around the world.When it comes to architecture | | |and design, we must think a lot more in costs—unlike in other times, when we used to think| | |first of the solution and then in costs. If we had a streamlined and defined return on | | |investment (ROI), only then did the project get the green light. Today, if we think about | |projects, it is necessary to have a precise budget and defined cost first before we can | | |start to t hink about the project. | | |Upon brief reflection of what IT architecture is, one finds that the model that the whole | | |world favors (because of costs and the evolution of technologies) is the virtualization | | |model.Ten years ago, it was all about decentralization—both in data centers and servers, | | |and in communication and desktops. When we thought of an application, we always tried to | | |have the layers of such an application as close to the client as possible; data centers, | | |databases, and e-mail servers were distributed all over. | |This situation was the result of being unable to face the huge cost of having hardware | | |equipment of multiple large capabilities (such as an eight-processor server and lots and | | |lots of RAM gigabytes) or having redundant point-to-point communication links with good | | |bandwidth—the cost of which only large companies could consider including in their | | |architecture.All of this encouraged a decentralized IT ad ministration model that required| | |specialists in the different platforms of each site. | | | | |   | | |The Original Model | | |Although this model worked for years, many things were not considered that today have | | |rendered this model not as efficient as was initially thought. | |[pic] | | | | | |Figure 1.Typical scheme | | |   | | |Taking as an example the analysis of a distributed application that was devised 10 years | | |ago, there was an architecture in which it was important to have the data near the client,| | |which led to the following scheme: | | |A database in the central office in which the information from the different sites, the | | |database from each site, the application server from each site, and the local applications| | |that were installed on each desktop were all consolidated. | | |A replication scheme among the databases was used for the distribution of information. | |This drove us to have database administration for each site, besides havi ng on each site | | |an infrastructure administrator who had thorough knowledge. | | |Initially, this had (as variables within the equation) high communication-link costs, | | |large servers that represented a very high cost, and operative systems that were neither | | |very solid nor rigid with regard to changes and also had little functionality—that is, | | |they offered very few functions or roles within the operative system. | |For many of the needs of the company, it was necessary to add software that could comply | | |with that functionality. In addition, in order to carry out the tiniest of changes, it was| | |necessary to set the server offline and have IT personnel who represented an average cost. | | |The variable that was not really considered was the updating and maintenance of the whole | | |structure, which at the time—due to the fact that technology did not evolve in the way | | |that it does today—was not such an important aspect. | |If we consid er basic accounting principles (which I have learned during recent years), one| | |should always see the IT personnel as an asset to the company, with both amortization time| | |(which is the time that it takes to shape the person, according to the culture and needs | | |of the company) and an updating cost (which is what must be invested to have a person | | |trained in the different technologies as they evolve). | | |Over time, all of this changed; the variables in this equation also changed, and the | | |updating and maintenance variable (which in many cases had not been taken into account) | | |started to gain more and more importance. | |This is the equation that we face nowadays: | | |Average to low communication-link costs (taking into account the virtual private network),| | |large servers with many RAM gigabytes at average to low cost, operative systems that had | | |hundreds of embedded and flexible options and lots of functionality (many things already | | |come solved an d embedded in the operative system, so that in general it is not necessary | | |to set the server offline to make these changes), average to high personnel costs, and | | |average to high updating and maintenance costs. | |Within the scheme that is encouraged today, many things must be considered; it is | | |necessary, therefore, to have the whole scheme in mind—not just a part of it—to avoid | | |making the same mistakes that we incurred in the past. | | |Nowadays, when uncertainty (crises, corporate mergers, acquisitions, and constant changes)| | |is all around, it is vital to work toward an environment that would basically support | | |constant dynamic changes. More than ever, it is necessary to think about platform and | | |application updating, growth, and corporate and budget contractions.This, of course, will| | |highly influence the model that is to be chosen, and that model (taking into account the | | |aforementioned equation) should be based mainly on the up dating and maintenance variable. | | |When we consider all of the preceding, we will see that the model that best fits is the | | |virtualization model applied to all of the possible levels, where all of the equation | | |variables are considered in order to determine feasibility and total cost of ownership | | |(TCO). | |There will be infinite virtualization scenarios—from choosing cloud computing in specific | | |services and virtualizing (or outsourcing) the whole or part of the IT department to using| | |virtualization for servers, applications, or desktops. | | |   | | |Server Virtualization | | |Today, there are many important players and technologies that have been widely tested, | | |such as Microsoft Hyper-V and VMWare.The hardware costs have gone considerably down: If | | |we were to compare four- to eight-processor equipment of the past to one today, it would | | |result in an important cost margin that would be an improvement, and it would be necessary| | |to a dd the progress that has been made in technologies and redundancy within equipment, | | |board, hot-plug memories, and so on. | | |Generally speaking, almost all the components of the server can be changed without having | | |to take the server offline.The same thing applies to operative systems. This means that | | |we can do away with the theory that was used in the past, according to which we used to | | |divide into different hardware pieces the different business applications. In addition to | | |this, the advantages of tolerance to failure in the virtualization schemes that are used | | |today make it possible to take a physical server offline without affecting the virtual | | |server that is running in that physical server.This, of course, means that from a simple | | |technical point of view, there is already a huge advantage in the use of server | | |virtualization. | | |From an architectural point of view, this allows us to respond to organizational changes | | |quickly. A bove all (and this is something to consider nowadays), this also enables us to | | |achieve substantial savings at the time of shaping a data center. There will also be | | |savings in the electrical bill, refrigeration costs, physical space, and hardware. | | |Moreover, deployment and disaster recovery will be much simpler. | |All of this will result in lower maintenance costs—whether we have our own IT department | | |in 100 percent administration of this platform or a virtualized environment of the IT | | |department (later, we will develop the IT department cost, as well as the options and the | | |reasons behind virtualizing it). This all leads to there not being almost any scenario in | | |which virtualization is not applied and which will not result in a much lower TCO. | |   | | |Desktop Virtualization | | |In this regard, it is also possible to find very well-developed and well-tested | | |technologies, such as Microsoft Terminal Server, Citrix, and so on. This k ind of | | |virtualization was previously thought about for remote points or links that had a | | |relatively small bandwidth.Nowadays, it is used as a method to reduce | | |desktop-administration expenses, because (thanks to this technology) it is possible | | |technically to have tolerance to failures, add it to the server-virtualization scheme, and| | |create a pool of servers. There is substantial reduction of the desktop-maintenance cost | | |and the cost of desktops themselves, because with equipment that has smaller hardware, it | | |is possible to run any kind of application and still have centralized control and | | |deployment of applications and security policies. | |   | | |Virtualization of the IT Department | | |In the past, there was a relatively low or not-so-significant IT department cost, compared| | |to the one nowadays. Today, there is a high IT department cost, and it is necessary to | | |consider the following variables: training in new technologies, trainin g in the company | | |environment, the cost of personnel search, and the time during which the search takes | | |place. All of this leads to the IT department not being able to respond with the speed | | |that the company needs. In ddition, we currently experience a high labor turnover, which | | |means that many times this process has to start again—which, of course, drives the cost | | |upwards. | | |If we consider all of these factors, especially the costs and the time that the search | | |involves, we will see that having a virtualized IT department results in a lower TCO and | | |in every possible advantage. With virtualization, all of these IT-department problems are | | |moved to an external company that is exclusively devoted to IT, particularly as it refers | | |to specialists in technology or in specific technologies.This would mean that there is no| | |point in having a specialist as part of the internal IT department. | | |   | | |Cloud Computing | | |Currentl y, there an infinite number of services are available on the Web, from e-mail | | |services (as has been the case for a very long time) to CRM, ERP, Document Managers, and | | |other services.This solution naturally offers a world of advantages: It is unnecessary to| | |have a specialist in this technology within our IT department, it is equally unnecessary | | |to maintain that technology from either the hardware or the software point of view, and | | |keeping security copies of the information is no longer required. Depending on the kind of| | |hired service and service-level agreement (SLA), it will be possible to have a redundant | | |and always-online service. In some cases, the cost for this kind of service can be | | |high—depending on both the number of users within our organization who require this | | |service and the characteristics of the service—and is worth considering. | |   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Example of Archit ecture | | |(Example based on a company with 500 employees. ) | | |[pic] | | | | | |Figure 2.Current architecture | | |   | | |As an example, we will use a virtualization architecture that uses such Microsoft | | |technologies as Hyper-V and Terminal Server. Number of servers: 15. | | |Typical structure of IT department: One manager, two IT administrators, one database | | |administrator (DBA), and five Help Desk employees. | | |Based on everything that was explained previously, we will take the best of each | | |virtualization technology to carry out a cost reduction. | |Server Virtualization | | |It will be possible to reduce approximately 15 noncritical servers into 4 physical servers| | |that will be able to support these 15 virtual servers. It will be necessary to carry out a| | |load analysis and distribute the servers and business applications correctly. Nowadays, | | |given the kind of roles of a typical company server, there are not many servers that have | | |a high p rocessing consumption; thus, it will be necessary to isolate these kinds of | | |servers, so that a resource competition conflict is not generated.It will also be | | |necessary to include (if we do not already have it) an external storage in which our | | |virtualization scheme will be stored (so that it is possible to work on it in a cluster) | | |and which will have tolerance to failure of all of the virtual equipment. All of this will| | |be possible by using Microsoft Windows Server 2008 64 bits and Hyper-V System Center | | |Virtual Machine Manager to carry out the P2V conversions. | |Cost Reduction | | |Within this example, it will be possible to reduce approximately 70 percent of the energy | | |consumption, as a result of less consumption on the part of the servers. In addition, | | |there will also be a reduction of approximately 70 percent in the refrigeration | | |consumption, as a result of the use of storage. | | |The licensing cost will also decrease (when we use Micr osoft licensing) very | | |substantially. The Microsoft licensing scheme is based on Table 1. In the table, we can | |see that by using Windows Server 2008 data-center server licensing, it will be possible to| | |obtain a reduction in licensing from 15 servers (which will be able to use different | | |versions of Windows Server 2008, depending on the processor and RAM needs) to only 4 (with| | |data-center or enterprise licenses). Depending on the versions of Microsoft Windows that | | |are used, in the least favorable scenario, we will achieve a reduction in cost of 50 | | |percent. | |Version of Windows Server 2008 host | | |Covered virtual servers | | | | | |Standard | | |1 | | | | | |Enterprise | | |4 | | | | | |Data center | | |Unlimited | | | | | |Table 1.Microsoft Licensing Scheme | | |   | | | | | | | | |Desktop Virtualization | | |Depending on the memory consumption of the applications, it will be possible to implement | | |approximately five virtual servers for Terminal Server— typically, in five physical | | |servers to cover 500 work positions.The main advantage of having virtualized servers is | | |that this will automatically commute to any other, in case of a failure in any physical | | |equipment. | | |In this way, we will be able to have a desktop with fewer resources, and it will be | | |possible to update the applications more rapidly, as with deployment, management of | | |printers, and any other desktop problem. In turn, this will also enable us to make the | | |desktop of the user available to remote or external users. | |Cost Reduction | | |If we consider, on the one hand, the cost of updating 500 desktops as a result of the | | |installation of some business application and, on the other hand, the purchase of five | | |32-GB RAM servers and two Quad Core processors each, we will obtain a cost reduction of | | |approximately 90 percent. | | |Virtualization of the IT Department | | |It is first necessary to analyze the c ritical and noncritical applications; it is | | |important also to analyze the IT labor market in the country in which it is applied. | | |Generally speaking, the advice that is given is to virtualize whatever is difficult to get| | |in the market and to have partial virtualization of the IT department.For this | | |example—and considering the current work market—we will opt to virtualize (for example) | | |only one IT administrator and one DBA; the Help Desk, one IT Administrator, and the IT | | |manager will continue to be physical. By having an SLA with external suppliers and a | | |framework work contract, it will be possible to increase rapidly the IT department or | | |change swiftly the scheme without a great increase in initial costs. It will also be | | |possible to decrease training costs, hiring costs, and so on. | |[pic] | | | | | |Figure 3. Virtual-server scenario | | |   | | |Cost Reduction | | |If we consider the TCO, hiring costs, training costs, an d salaries, we will obtain a cost | | |reduction of approximately 55 percent. | |Cloud Computing | | |Let us take an application that will not be worth having internally, because of the size | | |of the company. For this example, we will use a CRM. Ten CRM licenses will be hired | | |online. In this way, no costs will be associated to the initial licensing, administration | | |training, CRM server deployment, disaster-recovery policies, or anything that pertains to | | |administration of the CRM. | | |Cost Reduction | |Based on online services, there will be a cost reduction of approximately 80 percent—based| | |on 10 licenses, and considering the initial cost of having a server, trained personnel, | | |backup policies, and so on. | | | | | | | | |Financial Benefits of Virtualization | | |. | |â€Å"Leveraging virtual computer environments has increased the opportunities for teaching and| | |learning. This particular solution is cost effective and sustainable in many diffe rent | | |ways. Tech related costs have reduced by a little over $250,000 a year. That is a | | |combination of lower software costs, app software costs, and extending the life of the | | |hardware. That in turn reduces the cost of the hardware by about 35-40% when they do | | |replace it.Computers can be renewed with hardware that is much more cost efficient | | |because it does not need to be the latest and greatest machine. The computers that are | | |replaced cost around $500 or less. | | |IT staff numbers are down, mainly because of a reduction in PC technicians. Everything is | | |moving back towards the data center and, because of the way they implement their | | |environment, every time a user accesses an app or a desktop they are actually accessing a | | |copy of a perfect image.Every time you open up Word it is a brand new fresh copy and when| | |you are done using it that image goes away so you are not really re-using it. SCC does | | |manage their profile information so if they create custom shortcuts it will be applied | | |over that virtual application. This way they still get that customized personalized | | |environment. Pooling resources reduced hardware and software costs while extending the | | |life of current hardware resources. This lowers the school’s total cost of ownership and | | |makes a very significant difference. | | |To read the rest of this report, Desktop Virualization for the Real World, IMF members can| | |log-in | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |   | | |Conclusion | | |The virtualization scenario makes it possible to make structural changes in the IT | | |department with the speed that the market actually needs. | | |We can have strong cost reduction, because with a physical structure, we often do not use | | |all of the resources—hardware, software, employees, and so on—at 100 percent.On the other| | |hand, with virtualization we have the opposite case: We use and push the resource | | |utilizat ion as far as possible, and then we add more resources to virtualize. | | |In our example, we can see the individual cost reduction; if we look at it globally, | | |however, the cost reduction is more significant. | | |   | | |   | |

Researching Social Indicators Of Childrens Well-Being In The United

Researching Social Indicators Of Childrens Well-Being In The United Researching Social Indicators Of Childrens Well Children in Indiana I have chosen Indiana, known as Americas Heartland, as a representative because its middle of the road status geographically, socially, and politically. This is reflected in its nearly medium position in the ranking of states by poverty, infant birthweight, and per pupil educational expenses (Children in Indiana 1). However, Indiana ranks in the bottom 30 percent in regards to mothers who received pre-natal care as well as infant mortality (Children in Indiana 1). In both of these categories it ranked 34 out of 50, and there is some statistical indication that these two factors are related.In May of 2008, the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration refused to adopt a policy that would have expanded pregnant womens access to prenatal care. The policy would have granted "immediate, temporary health coverage through Medicaid to pregnant women in households earning less than twice the federal poverty level, or $28,000 for a family of two" (Indiana Medicaid A gency Refuses). Indiana has one of the highest rates of infant mortality and in 2004 the rate was "eight deaths per 1,000 live births, compared with a national rate of 6.8 deaths per 1,000 live births" (Indiana Medicaid Agency Refuses). It is common sense that pre-natal care has a significant impact of the health of the child at birth. Yet, Indiana has lagged behind the US in its willingness to cover pregnant women under the Medicaide Program.Indianas lack of commitment to childrens health reflects a conservative economic philosophy, which also extends to education. In Indiana, fourth grade school children are below the national average in both reading and math, and over 70 percent of the 3 and 4 year olds in poverty are not enrolled in pre-school (Children in Indiana 2). In contrast to many other states, Indianas policies fail to reflect the latest research in child development. Though Indiana has a substantial budget surplus, the state fails to support their children with the fina ncial support required to give them a healthy and well-educated start to life (Greninger). Children in Indiana. Washington, DC: Childrens Defense Fund, n.d. 22 Jan. 2009 . Greninger, Howard. "State Auditor Touts Indiana’s Budget Surplus." The Tribune Star 18 July 2008 [Terre Haute, IN]. 22 Jan. 2009 ."Indiana Medicaid Agency Refuses To Adopt Policy Increasing Access To Prenatal Care." Medical News Today. 28 May 2008. MediLexicon International Ltd. 22 Jan. 2009 .

buy custom Toyota Company essay

buy custom Toyota Company essay Toyota Company expects to increase its earning by 48% in the year 2010. It has strengths which when utilized it can achieve the forecast. There are also threats that can hinder the achievement of the goals. The Toyota Company has strong personnel policies based on the response to the challenging times of the employees. The company gives employees the chance to establish their lives, and the opportunity for self-realization and growth as well as corporate development. In 2009, Toyota started the 3000, 000- person communication on which employees disseminate information. This has facilitated identification and understanding the local situation and inclusion of overseas affiliation in decision making. Intra Company Transferee programs seek to assist the employees to have a global perspective. They also have good health and safety policies for the employees. The companys philosophy is to have safety, reliable and skilled work. Safety work is the door to all work and it should be the way through to work. The company highly emphasizes on the health care and mental care. Managers and supervisors listen actively to employees and provide them with proper mental care when necessary. All of these policies on human management and relationship are very strong points of Toyota Company. It gives the employees the sense of organization citizenship. This reduces chances of counterproductive behaviors The employees will from these grounds direct their skills and energy towards production and meeting the organization objectives. Another strength area of Toyota is its relationship with business partners. The company practices non discriminative collaboration with partners. The honor of language and lawful deals dominates these relationships. It collaborates very well with suppliers. It has three basic policies on its dealing with supplies. They include fair compensation, open door policy, and localization. Study meetings and complies briefing held to keep their suppliers updated on quality and quantity. The team of distributors acts as a bridge between the company and customers. They appeal on behave of the company to customers as they convey the value of the products. The partnership between the company with its suppliers and distributors assist the company to overcome adverse economic times. Issues such as rising energy costs and economic down can be addressed at great length by the use of such collaborations. In the recent past, Toyota Company has faced some threats. These threats reduce competitive advantage in the market. The unintended acceleration is very dangerous. Many owners of models from this company have complained of this weakness. It is deadly problem to customer and other road users. Some have reportedly dead of road accidents as a result of the technical problem in the past decade. Safety authorities havve warned about certain Toyota models as possible causes of road accidents. This weakness poses a threat to the competitive edge of the company. Potential customers are unwilling to purchase Toyota car models. The some government agencies have warned its citizens against purchasing models from Toyota Company. Competitors of Toyota Company have used this weakness to expand their market. Though it has come up with strategies to resolve the problem, they face challenges to convince the market that unexpected acceleration resolved. Another challenged faced by Toyota is the Toyota Priuses Headlight problems. The customers are not happy when their green machines high intensity headlights work intermittently or die all together. Their replacement or repair is very expensive. The company investigated the complaints their agency concluded that the defects only affected one headlight. Early this year, quite a good number of Priuses took lawsuit where the company agreed to pay compensation. This has affected the companys reputation and threaten it market share. In conclusion, Toyota Company has the strength of good employee relationship that develops organization citizenship. The partnership between the company and supplies and the distributors help the company overcome some of economic hard times. The unexpected acceleration and non performing Priuses reduces it competitive advantage and reduces customer realty. Buy custom Toyota Company essay

How to Write Interview Questions

How to Write Interview Questions The truth is that there is no single recipe for effective interviewing, no single format for all situations and tasks, no one right way of wording questions. However, there are some useful guidelines that should be considered. To prepare well-crafted questions, you need to understand the goal of the interview and what you need to know from the person youre interviewing. With this information in mind, it will be easier to create unique questions for your particular situation. Below youll find some great strategies and tips for coping with the assignment successfully. Start with a â€Å"Softball Question† Why is the first question so important? It should make the interviewee open, relaxed and eager to share the information youre interested in. A â€Å"softball question† will create the right atmosphere and make the interview flow naturally. This question has to be very simple and uncontroversial, not challenging at all. It shouldnt require a lot of thought or risk to answer it. Thats why start your interview with this simple question to set the right tone for your conversation. Ask Open-Ended Questions To receive as much information as possible, you have to avoid â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† questions. Instead, always use open-ended questions. They will help you find out all you need for your story. Remember that your purpose is to create a dialogue, so its important to write the questions that require a full, not obvious answer. Proceed with a Reflection Question To learn how your interviewee thinks, you need to write reflection questions. This type of questions will make a person recollect and share some information or story with you. You can ask anything that will make a person look back: a career path, some important events, difficult life moments, etc. A reflection question is a great way to keep the conversation going. Ask Questions that Cause Emotional Response You need to write a few questions that cause the emotional response. Consider what can make your interviewee feel excited or annoyed. The emotional response shouldnt be only positive, thats why you can ask tricky questions. Start your questions with â€Å"why† and â€Å"how† to receive a full answer. For instance, you may ask something like â€Å"Why did you decide to start writing that book if the previous one didnt sell well?† Include a Curve Ball Question Now you have to look at the questions youve written. If there are too many similar ones, consider adding a curve ball. This question can be a fun and interesting adding to the general story. Ask something unrelated to the whole conversion to spice it with interesting information. Paraphrase Your Questions When youve finished writing all the questions, look them over and decide which ones should be paraphrased. Make sure that your questions are clear and understandable. If you feel that some of them become irrelevant, consider to replace them with the more suitable questions. Throughout all phases of writing, keep centered on the purpose of your interview. It will help you come up with the right questions. You may need to do a research on the person you are going to interview to gather all the information before writing questions. Knowing the persons goals, personality, achievements and failures will help you write really good questions. Remember that there is no one right way of interviewing, thats why try to write interesting questions for your appropriate situation and create a pleasant and engaging dialogue with your interviewee.

Business 101 - Assignment Questions Research Paper

Business 101 - Assignment Questions - Research Paper Example In the capitalism context, making profits is the key motive of operation. Under capitalism, resources are privately owned, and so are the implications of the underlying activities (Rae & Hill, 2010). To the businesses, these rights and freedoms come at price. Capitalism makes business owners accountable to the society and to the market economy in which they conduct their business. Pollution, taxation, and social responsibility are other key aspects that make business owners hate capitalism. Most importantly, capitalism encompasses business competition, a critical factor that determines the success or failure of a business. Demand line shows the quantity of a product that would be bought at a given price level. In this respect, changes in market demand will affect quantity of a product demanded in that market. Desirable products correspond to high quantities of demand, and vice versa (McEachern, 2012). on the same note, changes in price affect the quantity demanded of a product. The same principle applies as far as paper and related products are concerned. A demand line shift to the left for paper follows the above-discussed principle. This move represents a scenario where paper would become a less desirable product. The less desirable a product becomes, the lower the quantity demanded and subsequently bought of that product. The demand line, therefore, would shift to the left to represent a decline in the quantity demanded of paper at a given price level. A left shift in demand line, therefore, is negative. It is attributed to reduced paper demand and a subsequent decline in the price level. Business entities are required to comply with relevant rules, regulations, or laws. In particular, taxation is a fundamental practice in the economic setting. Federal taxes apply to incorporated business entities, which are treated as separate taxable business entities. In other words,

IP 5 - Accounting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IP 5 - Accounting - Term Paper Example Accounts Receivable: They are recorded at their book value less reserve for doubtful receivables. They consist mainly of real estate, marketing suppliers, customer debit and credit cards that take more than seven days to be processed. Cash and Cash Equivalent: reports investments that mature in less than three months to be cash equivalent. Also, debit and credit cards and electronic transfer transactions that take less than a week to be processed and cash from banks are included. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost since the permanent markdowns are offset from the retail value of the inventory. They use LIFO method to manage inventory in Wal-Mart USA, and FIFO method in Wal-Mart international. Valuing inventory at lower of cost leads to sometimes undervaluing of some inventory(n.a, 2015). Property, Plant and Equipment are recorded at bookvalue. The costs incurred in major improvements are recorded as capital and costs incurred from normal maintenance and repairs are charged as expenses in the income statement. Depreciation of assets is on a straight line basis. Goodwill and intangible assets are valued at fair price through valuation methods. Indefinite life assets and goodwill are not amortized but are annually evaluated for any impairments and during events that might affect the value of the assets Income tax- Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured using tax rates applicable in the year the temporary differences are to be settled or recovered. Provision for income tax is calculated by using an annual tax rate based on income, the statutory income tax rates and the permanent differences between the tax and book income (n.a,2014). Wal-Mart Company is infamous for the 24 million dollar cover up in Mexican Bribery that occurred in 2012 (Frankel, 2012). This scandal raised questions on the integrity of Wal-Mart’s internal

The Integration of European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Integration of European Union - Essay Example Also, the abolishment of conflicting laws and uniform rules and regulations will assist businesses to streamline and adopt uniform policies across the EU. This paper will discuss some of the benefits that businesses of the 21st century may acquire due to an integration of EU and will further discuss as to what are such benefits, how they may be of any help for the businesses. The focus of this paper will, therefore, be largely on examining the advantages and challenges of EU integration for businesses. European Union comprises of 27 member States and is serving as a Political as well as Economic Union of European Countries. The basic philosophy behind the integration of Europe is to allow the regional integration by creating a single market for the whole of Europe. The basic theme of EU is despite having differences in the values and cultural aspects of the individual member countries; however such differences shall not be the basis of competition between the Member States. Thus despite the creation of single currency and market, EU Member States have retained their individual characteristics thus creating a fine amalgamation of integration which is advocating the formation of collective identity for EU while at the same time allowing individual member States to keep their own individual characteristics intact. Established in 1993 as a result of Maastricht Treaty, EU is now a region comprising of 500 million people contributing almost 30% of the share in the World Gross Domestic Pr oduct. At the global level, EU is, therefore, operating as a system of super nationalism as well as inter-governmental allowing member States to dominate the world scene in the disguise of an integrated Regional Community. One of the most important aspects of this integration is the fact that establishment of EU has resulted into the creation of a single market which not only allowed the free movement of people but also goods and services thus creating a strong window of opportunity for businesses working within the Region to flourish and prosper at least at the Regional Level.

Findings of the Church Committee Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Findings of the Church Committee - Essay Example This was done with a hope that all the activities of the American spy agencies shall always remain secret. However, this gave the spy agencies the impetus to intrude into the citizens’ privacy. The act has received bipartisan support. The president and congress did not raise objections. A research was conducted on the same issue, 62% of the respondents said the spy agencies should have some form of oversight. 18 % thought otherwise. The church committee sort to find out two things. Firstly, whether America should adopt its enemy’s tactics and secondly, it was to come up with facts. This is because America has the necessary machinery and technology to deal with its attackers. While we as citizens support the work of the spy agencies like the FBI, I feel that it should be done within the confines of the law. The step taken by these intelligence agencies is too radical. There is a feeling that this intrusion is against the core values of United States of America. It’s also anti American culture and the tenets of

Open Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Open - Research Paper Example Qualifications wise the board is a mix of innovators and researchers. The board comprises two PhD holders and key personalities like Robert A. Iger the current CEO and president of The Walt Disney Company (Apple Inc., 2013b). The combination of innovation and research gives Apple’s Board the leadership qualities that are needed for consumer electronics business. Research provides Apple with access to the latest technology while innovation provides the company’s products with the competitive edge over its rivals. The board can take decisions based on both technology and innovation. 2. Committees the board sits on: The board at Apple Inc. sits on three committees: Audit and Finance, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance. The Audit and Finance committee is responsible for maintaining the financial matters of the company. Moreover the committee looks after the audit system, performs risk management and also looks after the security of the data. Financial matt ers are of great importance to Apple Inc. and to make sure that the committee functions at optimum efficiency the members of the committee are some of the brilliant minds of the leading companies in the world (Apple Inc., 2011a). The second committee is Compensation committee whose main purpose is to design incentive plans for the company. In addition to designing the Committee can also review and modify any incentive plan as it sees fit. The committee has three members with Andrea Jung being the chairperson for the Committee (Apple Inc., 2013a). The third Committee is Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee whose sole responsibility is to nominate candidates for the Board of Directors at Apple Inc. In addition the committee can advise the Board of Directors regarding matters of governance. The committee comprises three members and William V. Campbell is appointed as the Chairperson of the Committee (Apple Inc., 2011). 3. Management at Apple Inc: Most of the individuals workin g for Apple have been working with the company since its formation. There are a few who joined shortly after Steve Jobs was made the CEO at Apple Inc. in 1997 (Apple Inc., 2013d). The management team is a relatively experienced one with people who have worked with some of the greatest companies in the world. One such example is Craig Federighi the Senior Vice President at the company. Federighi worked for NeXT Inc. and Ariba before working for Apple in 2009. NeXT Inc. and Ariba were one of the most popular IT companies of their time. Federighi is just one example of the many experienced individuals working for the management of Apple Inc. (Lowensohn, 2011). 4. Board’s Philosophy on Executive Compensation: Executive compensation at Apple Incorporation is determined by the Compensation Committee which comprises 4 non-employee directors of the company. As per the â€Å"Definitive Proxy Statement†, the executive compensation program of the company includes awarding Restric ted Stock Units (RSU) to all executive members of the company (Apple Inc., 2013d). However, the RSUs were not awarded to one executive member, Timothy Cook, who was promoted to the CEO of the company. In addition, the Compensation committee also has established a sound basis for determining the remuneration and bonuses for executive members of the company. As for instance, the Committee considers a number of factors while evaluating the remuneration and bonuses of the executive members, which include: Competitive Market

English composition Writing Skills and Techniques db 1 Essay

English composition Writing Skills and Techniques db 1 - Essay Example This point will also address why police officer consider areas outside major urban areas as safe havens. I will also address the effects of police misconduct to both the police force and the public. Finally, I will address the future of the police force in relation to the ongoing misconduct. In this juncture, I will tackle possible consequences to the police force and relevant reforms that needs to be made in order to create a balanced police force in the United States. The purpose of this essay will depend on the interest of the reader or audience. Firstly, the essay will be an informative essay. This is because it will inform the public and relevant authorities that, police misconduct is rife despite the cover-up measures taken to conceal information. Secondly, the essay will act as a cause an effect essay since it will analyze factors that promote police misconduct and the resultant consequences (Silverman, 2009). Analyzing the cause and effects of the problem will be aimed at finding solution for the

Open Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Open - Research Paper Example Qualifications wise the board is a mix of innovators and researchers. The board comprises two PhD holders and key personalities like Robert A. Iger the current CEO and president of The Walt Disney Company (Apple Inc., 2013b). The combination of innovation and research gives Apple’s Board the leadership qualities that are needed for consumer electronics business. Research provides Apple with access to the latest technology while innovation provides the company’s products with the competitive edge over its rivals. The board can take decisions based on both technology and innovation. 2. Committees the board sits on: The board at Apple Inc. sits on three committees: Audit and Finance, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance. The Audit and Finance committee is responsible for maintaining the financial matters of the company. Moreover the committee looks after the audit system, performs risk management and also looks after the security of the data. Financial matt ers are of great importance to Apple Inc. and to make sure that the committee functions at optimum efficiency the members of the committee are some of the brilliant minds of the leading companies in the world (Apple Inc., 2011a). The second committee is Compensation committee whose main purpose is to design incentive plans for the company. In addition to designing the Committee can also review and modify any incentive plan as it sees fit. The committee has three members with Andrea Jung being the chairperson for the Committee (Apple Inc., 2013a). The third Committee is Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee whose sole responsibility is to nominate candidates for the Board of Directors at Apple Inc. In addition the committee can advise the Board of Directors regarding matters of governance. The committee comprises three members and William V. Campbell is appointed as the Chairperson of the Committee (Apple Inc., 2011). 3. Management at Apple Inc: Most of the individuals workin g for Apple have been working with the company since its formation. There are a few who joined shortly after Steve Jobs was made the CEO at Apple Inc. in 1997 (Apple Inc., 2013d). The management team is a relatively experienced one with people who have worked with some of the greatest companies in the world. One such example is Craig Federighi the Senior Vice President at the company. Federighi worked for NeXT Inc. and Ariba before working for Apple in 2009. NeXT Inc. and Ariba were one of the most popular IT companies of their time. Federighi is just one example of the many experienced individuals working for the management of Apple Inc. (Lowensohn, 2011). 4. Board’s Philosophy on Executive Compensation: Executive compensation at Apple Incorporation is determined by the Compensation Committee which comprises 4 non-employee directors of the company. As per the â€Å"Definitive Proxy Statement†, the executive compensation program of the company includes awarding Restric ted Stock Units (RSU) to all executive members of the company (Apple Inc., 2013d). However, the RSUs were not awarded to one executive member, Timothy Cook, who was promoted to the CEO of the company. In addition, the Compensation committee also has established a sound basis for determining the remuneration and bonuses for executive members of the company. As for instance, the Committee considers a number of factors while evaluating the remuneration and bonuses of the executive members, which include: Competitive Market

Antivuris Programs Essay Example for Free

Antivuris Programs Essay Today, people rely on computers to create, store, and manage critical information, many times via a home computer network. Information transmitted over networks has a higher degree of security risk than information kept in a user’s home or company premises. Thus, it is crucial that they take measures to protect their computers and data from loss, damage, and misuse resulting from computer security risks. Antivirus programs are an effective way to protect a computer against viruses. An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer virus found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files. When you purchase a new computer, it often includes antivirus software. Antivirus programs work by scanning for programs that attempt to modify the boot program, the operating system, and other programs that normally are read from but not modified. In addition, many antivirus programs automatically scan files downloaded from the Web, e-mail attachments, opened files, and all types of removable media inserted in the computer (Karanos 201-205). One Technique that antivirus programs use to identify a virus is to look for virus signatures, or virus definitions, which are known specific patterns of virus code. According to Shelly and Cashman (Antivirus Programs), many vendors of antivirus programs allow registered users to update virus signature files automatically from the Web at no cost for a specified time. Updating the Antivirus program’s signature files regularly is important, because it will download any new virus definitions that have been added since the last update. Methods that guarantee a computer or network is safe from computer viruses simply do not exist. Installing, updating, and using an antivirus program, though, is an effective technique to safeguard your computer from loss.

Management Strategies in Healthcare

Management Strategies in Healthcare 1.1 List factors under the control of healthcare managers that contribute to the decrease in the number of people applying to health professions schools. Describe the steps that healthcare organizations can take to improve this situation. The factors that contribute to the decrease in the number of people applying to health professions schools can be identified through making use of an environmental assessment. Environmental assessment is a vital element of strategic human resources management. Factors affecting the healthcare environment are as follows: increasing workforce diversity, aging workforce, shortages, different changes in terms of the values and attitudes of the workers, and advancement of technology (Fried Fottler, 2011). Managers are expected to have the knowledge both on the present and future operating environments. He or she must assess the internal strengths and weaknesses for him or her to formulate plans based from the results of the assessment. They responded to these factors through the different internal structural change, which includes the following: development of network structure, collaborating with healthcare systems, participating in mergers and acquisition, developing work teams, developing quality improvement, making use of telecommunication, leasing the employees, outsourcing work, making use of additional temporary or contingent workers, and forming medical tourism (Fried Fottler, 2011). The strategic approach to human resource management that can be used to improve this situation are as follows: assessment on both the organization’s environment and mission, formulating a business strategy, identifying the different HR requirements needed to implement business strategy, comparing the current HR inventory to future strategic requirements in terms of numbers and required skills, developing HR strategy to close the gap on both the current inventory and future requirements, and implementing appropriate HR practices to strengthen the business strategy (Fried Fottler, 2011). The seven HR managements can also be used to intervene the given situation. These includes the following: providing employment security, using different criteria during the selection of personnel, making use of self-managed teams and taking decentralization to be the basic elements of organizational design, offering a high compensation, training extensively, reducing status distinction and barriers, and sharing performance and financial information (Fried Fottler, 2011). References Fried, B., Fottler, M. (2011). Fundamentals of Human Resources in Healthcare. Health Administration Press, Chicago, IL. AUPHA Press, Washington D.C. 1.2 What are the organizational advantages of integrating strategic management and human resources management? What are the steps involved in such an integration? The advantages of integrating strategic management and human recourse management are as follows (Fried Fottler, 2011): Proactive behavior is encouraged rather than reactive behavior. Company goals are communicated explicitly. Gaps between the current situation and a vision of the future are focused on. Line managers are involved in the human resource planning process. Human resource opportunities and constraints are identified in implementing strategic plans. In addition to that, it also improves clinical outcomes, enhances service quality, increases market share, and improve financial returns (Fried Fottler, 2011). The strategic approach to human resource management steps are as follows: assessment on both the organization’s environment and mission, formulating a business strategy, identifying the different HR requirements needed to implement business strategy, comparing the current HR inventory to future strategic requirements in terms of numbers and required skills, developing HR strategy to close the gap on both the current inventory and future requirements, and implementing appropriate HR practices to strengthen the business strategy (Fried Fottler, 2011). References Fried, B., Fottler, M. (2011). Fundamentals of Human Resources in Healthcare. Health Administration Press, Chicago, IL. AUPHA Press, Washington D.C. 2.1 Describe the process of professionalization. What is the difference between a profession and an occupation? Use what you do as an example. Professionalization is considered as a social process by which there is a transformation of any trade or occupation into a real profession. The process includes developing acceptable qualifications, a professional body, or even an association that will oversee the conduct of members of the profession. This process tends to develop the group norms of conduct and insists that the members of the profession must follow with the developed procedures and of any agreed code of conduct (Crossman, 2014). The difference between these two terms is important because healthcare continues to evolve. The terms occupation and profession are usually used interchangeably; however, these terms can be differentiated. Occupation is one’s principal activity and means of support. High skilled specialization is not required. It is usually supervised, follows to a defined work schedule, and earns an hourly wage. A person in an occupation is usually trained for a particular job or function, and because of this, they are less able to transfer from one organization to another (Fried Fottler, 2011). In profession, knowledge and training are required. They have more authority and responsibility compared with non-professionals. They follow a code of ethics. In addition to that, they have more autonomy in determining the content of service he or she provides as well as in monitoring his or her workload. Furthermore, a professional earns a salary, obtains a higher education, and works in independence and mobility compared with a nonprofessionals (Fried Fottler, 2011). In my own personal experience, I am a professional nurse. I was able to finish 4years of Bachelor of Science in Nursing. As a professional nurse, I underwent trainings, follow a code of ethics, and passed a state licensure examination to practice my profession. References Crossman, A. (2014). Professionalization. Retrieved from http://sociology.about.com/od/P_Index/g/Professionalization.htm Fried, B., Fottler, M. (2011). Fundamentals of Human Resources in Healthcare. Health Administration Press, Chicago, IL. AUPHA Press, Washington D.C. 2.2 Describe the major types of healthcare professionals (excluding physicians and dentists) and their roles, training, licensure requirements, and practice settings. The industry of healthcare is considered as the largest and most powerful industry in the United States. Healthcare professionals include the following: Nurses The focus of nurses is not only on a specific health problem but also on the totality of a patient and his response to treatment. The roles and function of a nurse are as follows: caregiver, communicator, teacher, client advocate, counselor, leader, manager, and so on. The nursing field comprises many specialties and subspecialties such as critical care, infection control, emergency nursing, surgical nursing, and obstetric nursing; certification in these areas require specialty education, practical experience, and successful completion of a national examination nonprofessionals (Fried Fottler, 2011). Registered nurses must complete an associate degree in nursing, a diploma program, or a bachelor’s degree in nursing to qualify for the licensure examination. The Associate Degree in Nursing Program takes 2years to complete and is offered usually by community and junior colleges. The Hospital Diploma Program can be completed approximately 3years. The bachelor’s degree can be completed in 4years and is usually offered by colleges and universities. Licensed practical nurses are state-licensed caregivers who have been trained to care for the sick. They must complete a state-approved program in the practical nursing and must achieve a passing score on the national examination. Advanced practice nurses have education and experience beyond the basic training and licensing required of all RNs. This includes nurse practitioners and the following: Clinical nurse specialists have training in a field such as cardiac, psychiatric, or community health. Certified nurse midwives have training in womens healthcare needs, including prenatal care, labor and delivery, and care of a woman who has given birth. Certified registered nurse anesthetists have training in the field of anesthesia (National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists, 2014). Pharmacists Pharmacists dispense prescription medications to patients and offer expertise in the safe use of prescriptions. They also may provide advice on how to lead a healthy lifestyle, conduct health and wellness screenings, provide immunizations, and oversee the medications given to patients. To have the eligibility for licensure, they must graduate from an accredited bachelor’s degree program in pharmacy, successfully complete a state board examination, and obtain a practical experience or complete a supervised internship. The trend of pharmacy has broadened education to include the terminal degree doctor of pharmacy. Many pharmacy schools offer this program to those who have the interest in teaching, research, and administrative responsibilities and to those willing to be part of the patient care team This educational preparation also requires one to have a successful completion of the state board of examination and even other practical experience as needed by state laws nonprofess ionals (Fried Fottler, 2011). Allied Health Professionals The allied health professions are a huge group that consists of therapists, medical and radiologic technologists, social workers, health educators, and other ancillary personnel. These professionals may work in the areas such as disease prevention, dietary and nutrition services, rehabilitation, or therapy. Educational and training programs for the allied health profession are sponsored by a variety of organizations in different academic and clinical settings. Their practice settings include hospitals, clinics, community health, homecare, and so on. The National Commission on Allied Health divides allied health professionals into two categories: therapists/technologists and technicians/assistants. The former represents those with higher-level professional training and who are responsible for supervising those in the technician/assistant category nonprofessionals (Fried Fottler, 2011). Healthcare Administrators Health administrators are leaders. They are usually assigned in the hospitals, physician group practices, nursing homes, and home health agencies. They direct the operation of hospitals, health systems, and other types of organizations. Healthcare administrators also take responsibility for facilities, services, programs, staff, budgets, relations with other organizations, and other management functions, depending on the type and size of the organization. They also have an opportunity to work in the public sector and private sectors. They do not deal directly with patients on a day-to-day basis. Rather, they help to shape policy, make needed changes, and lead our nations health-related organizations in a way that serves individual patients by helping to improve the healthcare system. To be eligible, many higher-level healthcare administration executives have a masters degree in a field such as public health or business, hospital, or nursing administration. A bachelors degree is often sufficient for entry-level positions or for employment with smaller facilities when coupled with relevant healthcare experience. Certification and Licensing: Healthcare administrators who work as nursing home administrators must also pass the National Association of Long Term Care Administrator Boards Exam and obtain state licensure. Healthcare administrators in other sectors are not required to be licensed; however, voluntary certification is available through the American College of Healthcare Administrators (American College of Healthcare Executives, 2014). References American College of Healthcare Executives. (2014). Early careerist question. Retrieved from http://www.ache.org/carsvcs/CareerFAQ/early.cfm Fried, B.J., Fottler, M.D. (Eds.). (2011). Fundamentals of Human Resources in Healthcare. Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press. National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists. (2014). CNS FAQs. Retrieved from http://www.nacns.org/html/cns-faqs.php 3.1 Why is sexual harassment so prevalent in the healthcare environment? What can be done to break this pattern? Sexual harassment is prevalent in the healthcare environment as a result of feminism, the women’s movement, increasing societal attention, and equal accommodation in the workplace. In addition to that, the growth of women in the workplace is also one of the factors. Several factors also explain why it is prevalent in healthcare organizations. First, sexual harassment always includes an element of power and control. Most hospital employees are women, but those in the authoritative position are men. Second, intimacy among healthcare providers has been the nature of healthcare work—having a strong collegial relationship established under a high-stress environment of healthcare and having sexual jokes and off-color humors that will later on lead to an abusive, suggestive language (Fried Fottler, 2011). To break this pattern, putting in place a sexual harassment policy must be implemented; this includes the following (Fried Fottler, 2011): Having a strong definition of what is sexual harassment and developing a strong statement that it will not be tolerated. Conducting an extensive training among all employees on the policy, focusing on employees with management and supervisory authority. Giving instructions on how to report complaints, including procedures to bypass a supervisor if there is the involvement of a supervisor. Providing an assurance on confidentiality, protecting against retaliation, and having a guarantee of prompt investigation. Forming a statement that disciplinary action will be taken against harassers up to and including termination. References Fried, B.J., Fottler, M.D. (Eds.). (2011). Fundamentals of Human Resources in Healthcare. Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press. 3.2 Under what circumstances would you use a progressive discipline process? When would you choose not to use such a procedure? Progressive discipline is a process that deals with job-related behavior that does not meet an expected standard. Assisting the employee in understanding that a performance problem or opportunity for improvement is the primary purpose (Heathfield, 2014). It is most successful when a person is able to perform effectively in an organization. Steps in a progressive discipline include the following (Heathfield, 2014). Counseling the employee about performance and ascertain his or her understanding of requirements. Verbally reprimanding the employee for poor performance. Providing a written verbal warning in the employees file, in an effort to improve employee performance. Providing an escalating number of days in which the employee is suspended from work. Starts with 1day and escalate to 5days. A healthcare administrator would not use this process when he or she sees that there is already a serious unlawful involvement such as theft, alcohol or drug intoxication at work, misconduct behavior, and any acts of violence that are ground for immediate termination. References Heathfield, S. (2014). Progressive discipline. Retrieved from http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryd/a/discipline.htm

Jane Austens Attitudes to Marriage in Persuasion Essay -- English Lit

Jane Austen's Attitudes to Marriage in Persuasion In Persuasion, marriage is one of the major themes of the novel, and Austen's attitudes towards marriage are present in chapter four of the novel. The first episode in which we can examine Austen's attitudes to marriage is in chapter four. In chapter four we must notice that there is no direct speech, which shows that all of the narration is Austen, with her views and opinions being presented to us. When talking of Mr. Wentworth, Austen says ' He was a remarkably fine young man, with a great deal of intelligence, spirit and brilliancy' and of Anne 'an extremely pretty girl, with gentleness, modesty, taste and feeling.' In a novel so concerned with wealth and status we must notice that Austen makes no comment concerning the wealth of either. Austen says of Anne and Wentworth that 'they were gradually acquainted, and when acquainted, rapidly and deeply in love.' It would seem that Austen is implying that in English society you must either gain wealth or love from a marriage, as very rarely were both love and wealth gained. Another theme of the novel which seems to accompany the theme of marriage is that of the private and the public. Austen says of Anne and Captain Wentworth's togetherness 'A short period of exquisite felicity followed, and but a short one. Troubles soon arose. Sir Walter on being applied to thought it a very degrading alliance.' Austen here presents to us that when the public discover the news the relationship turns sour. Sir Walter by calling Anne and Wentworth's relationship an 'alliance' shows that he believes it should be no more than a business relationship. Austen's tone of 'He thought it a very degrading alliance' scorns this op... ... titles are measured and weighed in the consideration of marriage. In finality, Austen uses marriage in the novel as a social yardstick to measure and compare the characters in the novel. Austen?s tone is condemning when talking of marriages based on money, which on one hand shows her recognition of romance and sentimentalism but on the other can be seen as her bitterness for never finding love and marrying. For a novelist so concerned with the theme of marriage, it would seem that Austen believes in love with marriage being the just way to display affection. Austen?s condemning tone towards marriages based on class and wealth could be Austen recognising that marriage is not the only important thing in life. Austen would have had time to contemplate this, being so close to the end of her own life and realising that her life was complete without marrying.